GPU Economics

The supply-demand dynamics of AI compute infrastructure — GPUs as the scarce resource of the intelligence era, their geopolitical concentration, and the resulting asymmetries in who can access AI capabilities. GPU scarcity drives the economics of token-economics and shapes the competitive landscape between US and China AI development. Supply chain risks (semiconductor chokepoints, export controls, geopolitical flashpoints) make GPU access a strategic national resource question. As inference efficiency improves, the economics shift from training-time compute to deployment-time cost optimization.