GPU Economics

The supply-demand dynamics of AI compute infrastructure — GPUs as the scarce resource of the intelligence era, their geopolitical concentration, and the resulting asymmetries in who can access AI capabilities. GPU scarcity drives the economics of Token Economics and shapes the competitive landscape between US and China AI development. Supply chain risks (semiconductor chokepoints, export controls, geopolitical flashpoints) make GPU access a strategic national resource question. As inference efficiency improves, the economics shift from training-time compute to deployment-time cost optimization.